1. Scope
Calculates late-payment penalties from invoice amount, grace period, a fixed fee, and an annual interest rate. US-centric defaults. Not legal advice — enforceable penalty rates are governed by state usury law and contract terms.
2. Inputs and outputs
Inputs
- invoice_amount number (currency) default: 5400
- days_late number default: 24
Entered directly — the tool does not take due/payment dates.
- annual_interest_percent percent default: 12
- fixed_late_fee number (currency) default: 40
- grace_days number default: 7
Outputs
- totalDue
invoice_amount + interest + lateFee (primary value).
- chargeableDays
max(0, days_late − grace_days).
- interest
invoice_amount × (annual_interest_percent / 100) × (chargeableDays / 365).
- lateFee
fixed_late_fee when chargeableDays > 0, otherwise 0.
- effectivePenaltyPercent
(interest + lateFee) / invoice_amount × 100.
Engine source: src/lib/invoice-late-fee-interest-calculator/engine.ts
3. Formula / scoring logic
chargeable_days = max(0, days_late - grace_days)
interest = invoice_amount * (annual_interest_percent / 100) * (chargeable_days / 365)
late_fee = chargeable_days > 0 ? fixed_late_fee : 0
total_due = invoice_amount + interest + late_fee 4. Assumptions
- Days late is entered directly; the tool does not compute it from calendar dates.
- Simple daily interest on a 365-day year prorated over chargeable days only. The fixed fee is waived while the invoice is inside the grace period.
- No withholding or VAT logic — entered at gross.
5. Data sources
6. Known limitations
- State usury caps on permissible interest rates vary (5–24%+). Excess is unenforceable.
- EU customers: EU Directive 2011/7 on combating late payment governs statutory interest (ECB reference rate + 8 pp). Use that as a benchmark for B2B EU invoices.
7. Reproducibility
Input
invoice_amount = $5,400, days_late = 24, annual_interest_percent = 12, fixed_late_fee = $40, grace_days = 7.
Expected output
chargeableDays = 17, interest ≈ $30.18, lateFee = $40, totalDue ≈ $5,470.18.
8. Change log
- 2026-04-24 methodology page first published.
Worked example
Run live against the same engine this site ships
(/engines/invoice-late-fee-interest-calculator.js).
The inputs and outputs below are recomputed on every build and
independently re-verified in CI — they are never hand-authored.
Input
- tool
- invoice_late_fee_interest
- invoice_amount
- 5400
- days_late
- 24
- annual_interest_percent
- 12
- fixed_late_fee
- 40
- grace_days
- 7
Output
- primaryLabel
- Total amount due
- primaryValue
- 5470.18
- primaryFormat
- currency
- summary
- Includes principal invoice amount, fixed late fee, and prorated daily interest.
- metrics[0].label
- Chargeable days
- metrics[0].value
- 17
- metrics[0].format
- days
- metrics[1].label
- Late fee
- metrics[1].value
- 40
- metrics[1].format
- currency
- metrics[2].label
- Interest
- metrics[2].value
- 30.18
- metrics[2].format
- currency
- metrics[3].label
- Effective penalty
- metrics[3].value
- 1.3
- metrics[3].format
- percent
- assumptionsEcho.invoice_amount
- 5400
- assumptionsEcho.days_late
- 24
- assumptionsEcho.annual_interest_percent
- 12
- assumptionsEcho.fixed_late_fee
- 40
- assumptionsEcho.grace_days
- 7
Frequently asked questions
- What does the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator calculate?
- Calculates late-payment penalties from invoice amount, grace period, a fixed fee, and an annual interest rate. US-centric defaults. Not legal advice — enforceable penalty rates are governed by state usury law and contract terms.
- What inputs does the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator need?
- It takes 5 inputs: invoice_amount (default 5400), days_late (default 24), annual_interest_percent (default 12), fixed_late_fee (default 40), grace_days (default 7). Outputs returned: totalDue, chargeableDays, interest, lateFee, effectivePenaltyPercent.
- What formula does the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator use?
- The exact computation is: chargeable_days = max(0, days_late - grace_days); interest = invoice_amount * (annual_interest_percent / 100) * (chargeable_days / 365); late_fee = chargeable_days > 0 ? fixed_late_fee : 0; total_due = invoice_amount + interest + late_fee
- Can I verify the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator with a worked example?
- Yes. With invoice_amount = $5,400, days_late = 24, annual_interest_percent = 12, fixed_late_fee = $40, grace_days = 7. the tool returns chargeableDays = 17, interest ≈ $30.18, lateFee = $40, totalDue ≈ $5,470.18.
- Where does the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator get its benchmark data?
- Reference data is sourced from: US Uniform Commercial Code — Article 2 (Sales), via Cornell Legal Information Institute (as of 2024).
- What can the Invoice Late Fee & Interest Calculator not tell me?
- Known limitations: State usury caps on permissible interest rates vary (5–24%+). Excess is unenforceable. EU customers: EU Directive 2011/7 on combating late payment governs statutory interest (ECB reference rate + 8 pp). Use that as a benchmark for B2B EU invoices.